1. \(\displaystyle 12\)-ні \(\displaystyle 12\)-ге қалдықпен бөлейік.
\(\displaystyle 12{\small }\)-ден максималды қанша \(\displaystyle \color{blue}{12}\)алуға болатынын табайық.
Яғни, \(\displaystyle 12\)-ні \(\displaystyle \color{blue}{12}\)-ге қалдықпен бөлгендегі толымсыз бөліндіні табамыз.
\(\displaystyle 12=\color{green}{1} \cdot \color{blue}{12}+0{\small }\) болғандықтан,
онда \(\displaystyle 12 \)-ні \(\displaystyle \color{green}{1}\)рет алуға болады.
Сондықтан \(\displaystyle \color{green}{1}\)-ді бөліндіге жазамыз:
| \(\displaystyle -\) | \(\displaystyle \small 1\) | \(\displaystyle \small 2\) | \(\displaystyle \small 1\) | \(\displaystyle \small 2\) | \(\displaystyle \small 12\) |
| \(\displaystyle \small ?\) | \(\displaystyle \small ?\) | | | \(\displaystyle \small \color{green}{1}\) | \(\displaystyle \small ?\) | \(\displaystyle \small ?\) |
| | \(\displaystyle -\) | \(\displaystyle \small ?\) | \(\displaystyle \small ?\) | \(\displaystyle \small ?\) | | | |
| | \(\displaystyle \small ?\) | \(\displaystyle \small ?\) | | | |
| | | | | \(\displaystyle \small 0\) | | | |
2. Әрі қарай, бағанда \(\displaystyle 12\)-ден көбейтінді \(\displaystyle \color{blue}{12}\cdot \color{green}{1}=\color{green}{12}{\small }\) азайтамыз:
| \(\displaystyle -\) | \(\displaystyle \small \color{orange}{1}\) | \(\displaystyle \small \color{orange}{2}\) | \(\displaystyle \small 1\) | \(\displaystyle \small 2\) | \(\displaystyle \small 12\) |
| \(\displaystyle \small \color{green}{ 1}\) | \(\displaystyle \small \color{green}{ 2}\) | | | \(\displaystyle \small \color{green}{1}\) | \(\displaystyle \small ?\) | \(\displaystyle \small ?\) |
| | \(\displaystyle -\) | \(\displaystyle \small 0\) | \(\displaystyle \small ?\) | \(\displaystyle \small ?\) | | | |
| | \(\displaystyle \small ?\) | \(\displaystyle \small ?\) | | | |
| | | | | \(\displaystyle \small 0\) | | | |
3. \(\displaystyle 12{\underline 1}2{\small }\)ондықтар разрядынан санды аламыз:
| \(\displaystyle -\) | \(\displaystyle \small 1\) | \(\displaystyle \small 2\) | \(\displaystyle \small 1\) | \(\displaystyle \small 2\) | \(\displaystyle \small 12\) |
| \(\displaystyle \small 1\) | \(\displaystyle \small 2\) | | | \(\displaystyle \small 1\) | \(\displaystyle \small ?\) | \(\displaystyle \small ?\) |
| | \(\displaystyle -\) | \(\displaystyle \small 0\) | \(\displaystyle \small \color{red}{ 1}\) | \(\displaystyle \small ?\) | | | |
| | \(\displaystyle \small ?\) | \(\displaystyle \small ?\) | | | |
| | | | | \(\displaystyle \small 0\) | | | |
4. \(\displaystyle 12{\small }\) -ден \(\displaystyle \color{red}{ 1}\)кем болғандықтан, келесі санды қосып аламыз (\(\displaystyle 121{\underline 2}{\small }\) санының бірліктері, яғни \(\displaystyle 2\)саны), ал бөліндіге нөлді жазамыз:
| \(\displaystyle -\) | \(\displaystyle \small 1\) | \(\displaystyle \small 2\) | \(\displaystyle \small 1\) | \(\displaystyle \small 2\) | \(\displaystyle \small 12\) |
| \(\displaystyle \small 1\) | \(\displaystyle \small 2\) | | | \(\displaystyle \small 1\) | \(\displaystyle \small \color{green}{ 0}\) | \(\displaystyle \small ?\) |
| | \(\displaystyle -\) | \(\displaystyle \small 0\) | \(\displaystyle \small \color{red}{ 1}\) | \(\displaystyle \small \color{red}{ 2}\) | | | |
| | \(\displaystyle \small ?\) | \(\displaystyle \small ?\) | | | |
| | | | | \(\displaystyle \small 0\) | | | |
\(\displaystyle 12{\small }\)санын алдық.
